美国通信工程专业申请解析
美国通信工程专业(也作信息工程,电信工程,旧称远距离通信工程、弱电工程)是电子工程的一个重要分支,同时也是其中一个基础学科。该学科关注的是通信过程中的信息传输和信号处理的原理和应用。
美国通信工程专业研究的是,以电磁波、声波或光波的形式把信息通过电脉冲,从发送端(信源)传输到一个或多个接受端(信宿)。接受端能否正确辨认信息,取决于传输中的损耗高低。信号处理是通信工程中一个重要环节,其包括过滤,编码和解码等。
通信工程所关注的频段涉及甚广。低频段,亦即低赫兹,关心的是技术声学或低频技术。高频段中关注的范围从微波或雷达系统到可见光的激光或镭射系统。微波到可见光中间的频段几乎都是通信工程的研究对象。除此之外,通信过程中所应用的媒介和技术,包括通信系统在陆上、水下、空中和宇宙空间中的应用,也是相当丰富的。
通信工程的基础建立于应用数学中的数理方程。其理论起点是物质与波在傅里叶热扩散和麦克斯韦电动力条件下观察到的传播现象。
世界上由人类创造的最大的通信系统是公共交换电话网。另外一个正在迅速发展的大型通信系统——英特网——正逐步形成电话网的规模,并终将有一天取而代之。不可否认的是,如今通信工程正在转变为信息工程,英特网就是一个很好的例子。一方面通信系统常常是信息与应用技术的计算系统的一个重要组成部分,另一方面现代通信系统给信息工程予以理论和方法指导,并处于计算系统的核心位置。
美国通信工程专业的就业与薪酬
Communications Engineering通常是EE专业的一个分支,很多资料普遍研究的是EE的就业与薪酬,而没有单独细分通信方向的就业数据。现在留学专家主要介绍Engineering Technicians这个岗位的就业与薪酬情况,以下内容有EE各方向的薪酬概况。(Wired telecommunications carriers这个行业属大部分通信专业首选)
Engineering Technicians工程技术人员
·Electrical and electronic engineering technicians make up 33 percent of all engineering technicians. Electrical and electronics engineering technicians help design, develop, test, andmanufacture electrical and electronic equipment such as communication equipment; radar, industrial, and medical monitoring or control devices; navigational equipment; and computers.
Median annual earnings in May 2006 of engineering technicians by specialty are shown in the following tabulation.
· Aerospace engineering and operations technicians $53,300
· Electrical and electronic engineering technicians $50,660
· Industrial engineering technicians $46,810
· Mechanical engineering technicians $45,850
· Electro-mechanical technicians $44,720
· Civil engineering technicians $40,560
· Environmental engineering technicians $40,560
Median annual earnings of wage-and-salary electrical and electronics engineering technicians were $50,660 in May 2006. The middle 50 percent earned between $39,270 and $60,470. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $30,120, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $73,200. Median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of electrical and electronics engineering technicians are:
· Wired telecommunications carriers $54,780
· Engineering services $48,330
· Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing $45,720
· Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing $45,140
· Employment services $38,910
USNews电子/电气/通信工程排名
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1 Stanford University 1 University of California Berkeley
4 University of Illinois Urbana Champaign 5 California Institute of Technology 6 Georgia Institute of Technology
7 Carnegie Mellon University 7 University of Michigan Ann Arbor 9 Cornell University
10 Purdue University,West Lafayette 10 The University of Texas at Austin 12 Princeton University
12 University of Southern California 14 University of California Los Angeles 15 University of Maryland College Park
15 University of Wisconsin Madison 17 University of California San Diego 18 Johns Hopkins University
18 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
通过上面对美国通信工程专业的就业与薪酬情况息的解读,相信对于很多计划申请美国通信工程专业的学生可以参考上面的信息来提前做好申请美国研究生的准备和规划。